Why is Meth so Addictive?
Methamphetamine, also known as meth or crystal meth, is one of the most dangerous and addictive drugs in the world today. It has become more popular in recent years because of its accessibility and highly addictive properties. But why is meth so addictive?
In short, methamphetamine is a powerful central nervous system stimulant that drastically affects the reward centers of the brain. Therefore, leading to addiction and long-term health risks for those who use it. However, there are effective treatment options available to help break free from methamphetamine addiction.
What is Meth?
The Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) categorizes methamphetamine as a Schedule II stimulant under the Controlled Substances Act due to its high potential for abuse and currently acceptable medical use in FDA-approved products. The brand name Desoxyn® is the only legal meth product available with very restricted use in treating ADHD and obesity. Not surprisingly, it is seldom prescribed due to its risk of misuse.
Most people who use meth obtain it through illicit sources. Meth is most commonly found in the form of a white, odorless powder or as small crystallized rocks. These rocks are known as “crystal meth.” Using meth usually involves taking it orally, snorting, smoking, or injecting it. Smoking or injecting it leads to binge usage, tolerance, and a need to increase the amount.
Mexican drug cartels primarily supply most of the meth in the United States. These drug traffickers produce vast amounts of high-quality and low-cost meth. On a much smaller scale, domestic meth labs also produce and distribute the drug. The toxic waste created by these independent meth labs poses an even greater risk. Unfortunately, many innocent people, including children, are exposed to hazardous chemicals.
To summarize, meth is a potent and dangerous drug that leads to severe addiction. It is a central nervous system stimulant that accelerates brain-body communication. As such, when individuals use meth, they experience a large surge of energy that causes them to feel alert and confident. Furthermore, it increases their heart rate, improves their mood, and curbs their appetite. Some people use meth to stay awake for long periods or lose weight. However, the risk of addiction is one of meth’s greatest dangers.
Why is Meth so Addictive?
According to the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, approximately 2.5 million people aged 12 or older in the United States used methamphetamine in the past year. Additionally, 1.6 million people aged 12 and older had a methamphetamine use disorder in the past year. To answer the question, “Why is meth so addictive?” we need to understand the effect meth has on the user short and long term. Many factors make meth so addictive.
Dopamine Release
Meth increases the release of dopamine. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter in the brain that plays a crucial role in the brain’s reward system. As such, it reinforces pleasurable behaviors. When too much dopamine is released, it leads to intense feelings of euphoria and a very rewarding experience.
Rapid Onset and Duration
Meth is smoked, injected, snorted, or taken orally. And each route of use leads to a rapid onset of effects. The drug quickly crosses the blood-brain barrier, reaching the brain rapidly and producing an intense high. This rapid onset of effects and the prolonged duration contribute to why meth is so addictive.
Increased Energy and Focus
Methamphetamine stimulates the central nervous system, increasing energy levels, promoting wakefulness, and enhancing focus and concentration. These effects appeal to individuals seeking increased productivity, motivation, or a temporary escape from fatigue or boredom.
Tolerance and Withdrawal
Prolonged use of meth leads to tolerance. Tolerance drives individuals to escalate their drug use. When someone suddenly stops or reduces their meth use, they may experience withdrawal symptoms such as fatigue, depression, anxiety, intense cravings, and the inability to experience pleasure. These withdrawal symptoms can be very uncomfortable and contribute to the cycle of addiction.
Neurochemical Changes
Long-term use of meth significantly changes the brain’s structure and function. Meth damages dopamine receptors by altering dopamine production. And it also disrupts the normal functioning of the reward system. Therefore, individuals no longer find pleasure in things they once enjoyed. Thus, driving them to continue using meth to make up for the reduced dopamine.
Psychological Factors
Psychological factors also play a role in why meth is so addictive. Many individuals use meth to alleviate symptoms of emotional pain, trauma, depression, or anxiety. The intense high from using meth temporarily relieves these underlying mental health disorders leading to a cycle of psychological dependence.
Signs of Meth Addiction
Meth addiction occurs when someone experiences a significant impairment due to their regular use of meth. These problems progress to a point where the individual feels they can no longer function without using meth.
Common signs that someone is developing a meth addiction include:
- Hiding meth use or using at inappropriate times
- Frequent use (every day or multiple times per day)
- Excessive spending to obtain meth
- Erratic mood swings
- Meth use interferes with work, school, or family responsibilities
- Using meth regardless of negative consequences
- Social withdrawal and isolation
- Medical problems due to impaired behaviors and poor self-care
- Development or intensification of mental health disorders
Find Effective Meth Addiction Treatment at Enlightened Solutions
No one sets out to become addicted to substances like meth. They don’t think about or understand “Why is meth so addictive?” It is essential to know the factors that contribute to the addictive nature of methamphetamine. Each individual’s susceptibility to addiction is influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, and personal characteristics. Addiction is a multi-faceted and complex disease with multiple factors interacting to contribute to its development. If you or a loved one are struggling with meth addiction, help is available.
Contact us today to discuss our compassionate and effective approach to meth addiction treatment.
